ATI MED SURG FLUIDS AND ELECTROLYTES STUDY GUIDE
Final Exam SG
Fluid and Electrolytes <10 questions:
Review assessment findings: over hydration vs. dehydration
- Fluid Volume Deficit (Hypovolemia) can occur with abnormal loss of body fluids (i.e. diarrhea, fistula, drainage, hemorrhage, polyuria), inadequate intake, or a shift of fluid from plasma into interstitial fluid
o NOT dehydration (dehydration refers to loss of pure water alone without corresponding loss of sodium)
o Causes:
▪ ↑ Insensible water loss or perspiration (high fever, heatstroke)
▪ Diabetes insipidus
▪ Osmotic diuresis
▪ Hemorrhage
▪ GI losses—vomiting, NG suction, diarrhea, fistula drainage
▪ Overuse of diuretics
▪ Inadequate fluid intake
▪ Third-space fluid shifts—burns, intestinal obstruction
o Manifestations: