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WGU Pathophysiology D236 Final Exam Questions and Answers from a Past Paper New Latest Version Updated 2023-2023
WGU Pathophysiology D236 Final Exam
Questions and Answers from a Past Paper
New Latest Version Updated 2023-2023
What is Starling's Law of Capillary forces?
How does this explain why a nutritionally deficient child would have edema? -------
Correct Answer --------- Starling's Law describes how fluids move across the capillary
membrane. There are two major opposing forces that act to balance each other,
hydrostatic pressure (pushing water out of the capillaries) and osmotic pressure
(including oncontic pressure, which pushes fluid into the capillaries).
Both electrolytes and proteins (oncontic pressure) in the blood affect osmotic pressure,
high electrolyte and protein concentrations in the blood would cause water to leave the
cells and interstitial space and enter the blood stream to dilute the high concentrations.
On, the other hand, low electrolyte and protein concentrations (as seen in a nutritionally
deficient child) would cause water to leave the capillaries and enter the cells and
interstitial fluid which can lead to edema.
How does the RAAS (Renin-Angiotensin-Aldosterone System) result in increased blood
volume and increased blood pressure? ------- Correct Answer --------- A drop in blood
pressure is sensed by the kidneys by low perfusion, which in turn begins to secrete
renin.
Renin then triggers the liver to produce angiotensinogen, which is converted to
Angiotensin I in the lungs and then angiotensin II by the enzyme
Angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE). Angiotensin II stimulates peripheral arterial
vasoconstriction which raises BP.
Angiotensin II is also stimulating the adrenal gland to release aldosterone, which acts to
increase sodium and water reabsorption increasing blood volume, while also increased
potassium secretion in urine.
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Specifications
- School: Walden University
- Course: NURSING
Document
- Section: Summaries
- Made on: 18-09-2023
- Type: .pdf
- Pages: 33
- Language: English
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