HESI MATERNITY TEST BANK ACTUAL EXAM LATEST 2024 REAL EXAM 180 QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS WITH RATIONALES (COMBINED RED HESI AND OTHER SOURCES)

HESI MATERNITY TEST BANK ACTUAL EXAM LATEST 2024 REAL EXAM 180 QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS WITH RATIONALES (COMBINED RED HESI AND OTHER SOURCES)
A 38-week primigravida who works as a secretary and sits at a computer 8 hours each day tells the nurse that her feet have begun to swell. Which instruction will aid in the prevention of pooling of blood in the lower extremities?

A.Wear support stockings.

B.Reduce salt in the diet.

C.Move about every hour.

D.Avoid constrictive clothing. -Answer-C.Move about every hour.

Rationale:
Pooling of blood in the lower extremities results from the enlarged uterus exerting pressure on the pelvic veins. Moving about every hour will relieve pressure on the pelvic veins and increase venous return. Option A would increase venous return from varicose veins in the lower extremities but would be of little help with swelling. Option B might be helpful with generalized edema but is not specific for edematous lower extremities. Option D does not address venous return, and there is no indication in the question that constrictive clothing is a problem.

Twenty-four hours after admission to the newborn nursery, a full-term male infant develops localized swelling on the right side of his head. In a newborn, what is the most likely cause of this accumulation of blood between the periosteum and skull that does not cross the suture line?

A.Cephalhematoma, which is caused by forceps trauma

B.Subarachnoid hematoma, which requires immediate drainage

C.Molding, which is caused by pressure during labor

D.Subdural hematoma, which can result in lifelong damage -Answer-A.Cephalhematoma, which is caused by forceps trauma

Rationale: Cephalhematoma, a slight abnormal variation of the newborn, usually arises within the first 24 hours after delivery. Trauma from delivery causes capillary bleeding between the periosteum and skull. Option C is a cranial distortion lasting 5 to 7 days, caused by pressure on the cranium during vaginal delivery, and is a common variation of the newborn. Options B and D both involve intracranial bleeding and could not be detected by physical assessment alone.

Prior to discharge, what instructions should the nurse give to parents regarding the newborn's umbilical cord care at home?

A.Wash the cord frequently with mild soap and water.

B.Cover the cord with a sterile dressing.

C.Allow the cord to air-dry as much as possible.

D.Apply baby lotion after the baby's daily bath -Answer-C.Allow the cord to air-dry as much as possible.

Rationale:Recent studies have indicated that air drying or plain water application may be equal to or more effective than alcohol in the cord healing process. Options A, B, and D are incorrect because they promote moisture and increase the potential for infection.